Published June 26, 2021 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Resistencia enzimática a betalactámicos en Enterobacterales uropatógenos

Creators

  • 1. Universidad Nacional de Loja. Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico. Cátedra de Microbiología. Loja-Loja Ecuador

Description

El objetivo de este estudio fue detectar la presencia de betalactamasas de espectro extendido y carbapenemasas en Enterobacterales uropatógenos aislados en el Hospital General “Isidro Ayora”, Loja (Ecuador), durante el periodo diciembre 2017- julio 2018. De 323 cepas aisladas, 90 (27,86%) resultaron productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido y 6 (1,86%), fueron positivas para carbapenemasas; siendo Escherichia coli el microorganismo más frecuentemente productor de betalactamasas de espectro extendido (77,08%) y Klebsiella pneumoniae de carbapenemasas (4,16%). Para las betalactamasas de espectro extendido, el gen blaCTX-M fue el más frecuente (67,77%); seguido de blaTEM (61,11%) y finalmente, blaSHV, (20,00%); mientras que, blaKPC se detectó en todas las cepas positivas para carbapenemasas. El mayor porcentaje de aislamiento de bacterias portadoras de ambos tipos de betalactamasas se obtuvo de pacientes ambulatorios (85,56%) en comparación con los hospitalizados (66,67%). Se detectó diferencia significativa entre estas enzimas debido al sexo, tipo y servicio de atención al paciente, tipo de betalactamasa de espectro extendido y microorganismo (p ≤ 0,05). Ninguna cepa resultó productora de ambos tipos de betalactamasas. Existe una elevada frecuencia de cepas productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido y una baja frecuencia de cepas productoras de carbapenemasas como agentes uropatógenos en la población estudiada

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